Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a common condition characterised by stiffness, pain, and limited mobility in the shoulder joint. The condition affects millions worldwide, causing significant discomfort and impacting daily life.

What is Frozen Shoulder?

Frozen shoulder is a condition where the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes inflamed and scarred, leading to stiffness and limited mobility. The condition can affect anyone, but it is more common in people over 40 years old, especially those with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, or autoimmune diseases.

Causes and Risk Factors

While the exact causes of frozen shoulder are still not fully understood, several factors can contribute to its development:

• Age: Frozen shoulder is more common in people over 40 years old.
• Diabetes: People with diabetes are more likely to develop frozen shoulder.
• Trauma: A shoulder injury or surgery can lead to frozen shoulder.
• Autoimmune disorders: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and thyroid disorders can increase the risk of frozen shoulder.
• Genetics: Family history can play a role in the development of frozen shoulder.

Symptoms

The symptoms of frozen shoulder can vary from person to person, but common complaints include:

• Pain: A dull, aching pain in the shoulder and upper arm.
• Stiffness: Limited mobility and stiffness in the shoulder joint.
• Limited range of motion: Difficulty lifting, rotating, or moving the shoulder.
• Frozen stage: The shoulder becomes increasingly stiff and difficult to move.

Stages of Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder typically progresses through three stages:

1. Freezing stage: Pain and stiffness gradually increase over several months.
2. Frozen stage: The shoulder becomes increasingly stiff and difficult to move.
3. Thawing stage: Range of motion gradually improves over several months.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing frozen shoulder typically involves:

• Physical examination: A doctor will assess shoulder mobility and strength.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound scans may be used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options

Treatment for frozen shoulder typically involves a combination of the following:

• Pain management: Medications like analgesics, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids can help manage pain.
• Physical therapy: Gentle exercises and stretches can help improve range of motion.
• Heat or cold therapy: Applying heat or cold packs can help reduce pain and stiffness.
• Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to release the joint capsule and improve mobility.

Prevention Strategies

While frozen shoulder can affect anyone, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Maintain shoulder mobility: Regular exercise and stretching can help prevent frozen shoulder.
• Manage underlying conditions: Controlling conditions like diabetes and autoimmune disorders can reduce the risk of frozen shoulder.
• Avoid repetitive strain: Avoid repetitive activities that can put strain on the shoulder joint.

Also Read: What is Spinal Decompression Therapy?

Complications

If left untreated, frozen shoulder can lead to several complications:

• Chronic pain: Frozen shoulder can lead to persistent pain and discomfort.
• Limited mobility: Untreated frozen shoulder can result in long-term limited mobility.
• Depression: Chronic pain and limited mobility can contribute to depression.

Conclusion

Frozen shoulder is a common condition that can cause significant discomfort and impact daily life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management. By maintaining shoulder mobility, managing underlying conditions, and avoiding repetitive strain, you can reduce your risk of developing frozen shoulder. If you experience persistent shoulder pain or stiffness, seek medical attention to prevent complications and improve treatment outcomes.